HOA

Homeowners Associations

In 1996, The FCC affirmed the rights of homeowners to place antennas on property they own or control.
the FCC ruling at http://www.fcc.gov/guides/over-air-reception-devices-rule
In a nutshell you can install any size antenna, in any place on the home that works. Do not let your HOA tell you anything different. They can require you to paint the wire.

Apartments & Condos

Apartment and condo association covenants can not prevent you from installing antennas in areas where you do not have “care and control.” i.e. You can install an antenna in your balcony where you have “care and control.” Ask the apartment / condo manager.